If you have previously installed any other servers to the same folder as EssenceRO, delete their files (most specifically the data folder or grf, which will likely be called [servername].grf), as these can cause conflicts. If you are not sure which files to delete, it's recommended that you perform a clean installation of kRO and Essence. Consult the Installation Guide for further help with this.
To play EssenceRO, you must use kRO, and no other version (this includes iRO, European, Brazilian etc.). It should also be noted that Sakray, even the korean version, will not work due to patches being discontinued. If you're using any version of Ragnarok Online other than kRO, please visit follow Installation Guide to install our server.
Make sure that you are running kRO 2009-06-18 (0618), or a more recent version, and that it is fully patched. If your version is older than this, it is VERY likely that you will encounter problems. It is also possible that your kRO is not up-to-date - try running the Ragnarok.exe in your RO folder. If you're having trouble patching, see the Patch Problems page to see if your issue is listed there.
If you are using a recent version of kRO, is it fully patched? You must patch both kRO AND EssenceRO. If you receive error messages during the patching process, your patching did not succeed. To patch kRO, run Ragnarok.exe in your RO folder, or if this process errors, visit the Patch Problems page. To patch EssenceRO, run EssenceRO Patcher.exe (which should be located in the same folder). It's possible that you will have to download a more recent installation.
Have you installed the EssenceRO patch to the correct directory (i.e. your RO directory)? Installing incorrectly will result in not being able to connect. Check for EssenceRO.exe, EssenceRO Patcher.exe and essdata.grf in your RO folder to check that you installed to the right place. The default location to install is C:\Program Files\Gravity\RO\, both kRO and Essence should be in the same folder.
Is your firewall blocking the server? Ensure that EssenceRO.exe is allowed through your firewall (this can be done via Control Panel if you are using the default Windows firewall - methods vary for other firewall programs).
You can check this under Regional Settings in your system Control Panel. If it is not set to English, your installation may not work properly and you could experience errors when you run the RO client.
After changing this, you need to reinstall to fix the issue.
Log into the Control Panel, check under My Account, and use the Reset Headgear and Reset Position options on all characters on the affected account. In some cases this will fix the issue. Often, this is a temporary solution, and you need to patch in order to prevent future errors.
If in doubt, a clean reinstall of both kRO and EssenceRO will usually solve 99% of problems. However, if you still don't have any success, please post in the Technical Support section of the server forums, and the staff or other forum members will attempt to solve your problem.